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Manam Volcano, Papua New Guinea
The 10-km-wide island of Manam is one of Papua New Guinea's most active volcanoes.
Four large radial valleys extend from the unvegetated summit of the conical 1807-m-high stratovolcano to its lower flanks.
Two summit craters are present.
Most historical eruptions have originated from the southern crater, concentrating eruptive products during the past century into the SE avalanche valley, seen here from off the east coast of the island.
Frequent historical eruptions have been recorded since 1616.
The 10-km-wide island of Manam, lying 13 km off the northern coast of mainland Papua New Guinea, is one of the country's most active volcanoes.
Four large radial valleys extend from the unvegetated summit of the conical 1807-m-high basaltic-andesitic stratovolcano to its lower flanks.
These "avalanche valleys," regularly spaced 90 degrees apart, channel lava flows and pyroclastic avalanches that have sometimes reached the coast.
Five small satellitic centers are located near the island's shoreline on the northern, southern and western sides.
Two summit craters are present; both are active, although most historical eruptions have originated from the southern crater, concentrating eruptive products during much of the past century into the SE avalanche valley.
Frequent historical eruptions, typically of mild-to-moderate scale, have been recorded at Manam since 1616.
Occasional larger eruptions have produced pyroclastic flows and lava flows that reached flat-lying coastal areas and entered the sea, sometimes impacting populated areas.
PHOTO SOURCE: Wally Johnson (Australia Bureau of Mineral Resources), courtesy of the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, used with permission.
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