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Nevado del Tolima Volcano, Colombia
The steep-sided, glacier-clad Tolima volcano is seen here from the slopes of Nevado del Ruiz volcano to the north.
The summit of Tolima consists of a cluster of late-Pleistocene to Holocene lava domes and contains a funnel-shaped crater 200-300 m deep.
Holocene activity has ranged from moderate explosions to plinian eruptions.
The last major eruption took place about 3600 years ago.
Minor explosive eruptions took place in the 19th and 20th centuries.
The steep-sided, glacier-clad Nevado del Tolima volcano contrasts with the broad profile of Nevado del Ruiz volcano to the north.
The andesitic-dacitic younger Tolima volcano formed during the past 40,000 years, rising above and largely obscuring a 3-km-wide late-Pleistocene caldera.
The summit consists of a cluster of late-Pleistocene to Holocene lava domes that were associated with thick block-lava flows on the northern and eastern flanks and extensive pyroclastic-flow deposits.
The summit contains a funnel-shaped crater 200-300 m deep.
Holocene activity has included explosive eruptions ranging in size from moderate to plinian.
The last major eruption took place about 3600 years ago.
Lava dome growth has produced block-and-ash flows that traveled primarily to the NE and SE.
Minor explosive eruptions have been recorded from Tolima in the 19th and 20th centuries.
PHOTO SOURCE: Tom Pierson, 1985 (U.S. Geological Survey), courtesy of the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, used with permission.
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