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Jebel Marra Volcano, Northern Africa
A lake partially fills a younger cone within the Deriba caldera of Jebel Marra volcano in this view from the north.
The 5-km-wide, steep-walled Deriba caldera, whose wall appears in the background, was formed about 3500 years ago at the time of the eruption of voluminous airfall pumice and pyroclastic flows that traveled more than 30 km from the volcano.
Post-caldera ash eruptions may have continued into historical time.
The most prominent feature of the vast Jebel Marra volcanic field, located in the Darfur province of western Sudan, is the youthful Deriba caldera.
The 5-km-wide, steep-walled caldera, located at the southern end of the volcanic field, was formed about 3500 years ago at the time of the eruption of voluminous airfall pumice and pyroclastic flows that traveled more than 30 km from the volcano.
The Jebel Marra volcanic field covers a broad area of the Marra Mountains and contains early basaltic lava flows overlain by thick sequences of pyroclastic-flow deposits.
The northern part of the volcanic field displays trachytic lava plugs and spines forming residual inselbergs and young basaltic scoria cones and lava flows.
Ash eruptions at Deriba caldera may have continued into early historical time (Burton and Wickers, 1966), and fumarolic activity has been observed on the flanks of a small pyroclastic cone within the caldera.
PHOTO SOURCE: Photo by J. Williams, 1986 (//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sudan_Jebel_Marra_Deriba_Lakes.jpg)
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