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Raoul volcano, New Zealand
Anvil-shaped Raoul Island is the largest and northernmost of the Kermadec Islands.
Two calderas are prominent in this Space Shuttle view with north to the upper right.
The 2.5 x 3.5 km Raoul caldera cuts the center of the island, and the eastern wall of the partially submerged Denham Bay caldera rises above the smooth coastline at the left-center.
The 6.5 x 4 km wide Denham Bay caldera was formed during a major dacitic explosive eruption about 2200 years ago, which truncated the western side of the island.
Anvil-shaped Raoul Island is the largest and northernmost of the Kermadec Islands.
During the past several thousand years volcanism has been dominated by dacitic explosive eruptions.
Two Holocene calderas are found at Raoul. The older caldera cuts the center of Raoul Island and is about 2.5 x 3.5 km wide.
Denham caldera, formed during a major dacitic explosive eruption about 2200 years ago, truncated the western side of the island and is 6.5 x 4 km wide.
Its long axis is parallel to the tectonic fabric of the Havre Trough that lies west of the volcanic arc.
Historical eruptions at Raoul during the 19th and 20th centuries have sometimes occurred simultaneously from both calderas, and have consisted of small-to-moderate phreatic eruptions, some of which formed ephemeral islands in Denham caldera.
A 240-m-high unnamed submarine cone, one of several located along a fissure on the lower NNE flank of Raoul volcano, has also erupted during historical time, and satellitic vents at Raoul are concentrated along two parallel NNE-trending lineaments.
PHOTO SOURCE:NASA Space Shuttle image ISS002-E-8883, 2001 (//eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).
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