Sollipulli volcano, Chile
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Sollipulli volcano, Chile
The broad profile of the snow-covered Sollipulli massif lies on the horizon to the NE as seen from the upper slopes of Villarrica volcano.
A 4-km-wide caldera with post-caldera lava domes on its rim lies on the eastern side of the Nevados de Sollipulli volcanic chain.
The rounded hills in the middle distance are pyroclastic cones of the Caburgua-Huelemolle volcano group; lava flows from these cones dammed drainages, forming Laguna Caburgua, visible at the upper left.
The 4-km-wide, glacier-filled Sollipulli caldera lies to the east of the Pleistocene Nevados de Sollipulli complex.
Major silicic pyroclastic rocks associated with caldera formation have not been found, and the caldera may have a non-explosive origin.
Post-caldera eruptions have been focused along the caldera walls and have increased its height.
A series of dacitic lava domes lines the eastern and southern caldera rims.
The 1-km-wide Alpehue crater, which cuts the SW rim, was the source of a large plinian eruption 2900 years before present (BP).
Explosion craters and scoria cones are found on the outer flanks of the caldera.
Two north-flank cones produced lava flows during the latest documented activity about 700 years BP (Naranjo et al., 1993). This low-profile volcano is less prominent than its neighbors Llaima and Villarrica, but its explosive history makes it a potentially hazardous volcanic center.
PHOTO SOURCE: Photo by Lee Siebert, 2004 (Smithsonian Institution), courtesy of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Global Volcanism Program, used with permission.
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