Population:
3,041,142 (July 2009 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 28.1% (male 436,391/female 418,923)
15-64 years: 67.9% (male 1,031,819/female 1,033,806)
65 years and over: 4% (male 52,430/female 67,773) (2009 est.)

Median age:
total: 25.3 years
male: 24.9 years
female: 25.7 years (2009 est.)

Population growth rate:
1.493% (2009 est.)

Birth rate:
21.05 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Death rate:
6.16 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Net migration rate:
NA (2009 est.)

Urbanization:
urban population: 57% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 1.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
total: 39.88 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 42.99 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 36.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 67.65 years
male: 65.23 years
female: 70.19 years (2009 est.)

See also: Healthy Life Expectancy

See also: Health Performance

Total fertility rate:
2.23 children born/woman (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
less than 0.1% (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
fewer than 500 (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
fewer than 200 (2003 est.)

Nationality:
noun: Mongolian(s)
adjective: Mongolian

Ethnic groups:
Mongol (mostly Khalkha) 94.9%, Turkic (mostly Kazakh) 5%, other (including Chinese and Russian) 0.1% (2000)

Religions:
Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Shamanist and Christian 6%, Muslim 4%, none 40% (2004)

Languages:
Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian (1999)

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.8%
male: 98%
female: 97.5% (2000 census)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 13 years
male: 12 years
female: 14 years (2006)

Education expenditures:
5% of GDP (2004)